Preliminary Task and Production (Pre, During and Post)

Pre Production
During the pre production of this task my group was first given a script to look at before we began shooting which was to be two characters in a room exchanging a couple of lines of dialogue. We were given it to brainstorm and create a few ideas of how we wanted to film it e.g. what shots to use, what costumes to wear. We were instructed to create a storyboard of each scene and specifically how we wanted to shoot it to make sure each scene created a specific effect and of course to make sure that the movie looked well made as opposed to boring and dull from using the same shots again and again etc. If there was anything I could change it would be the fact that we didn't plan thoroughly the venue of where we would be filming which could've potentially damaged our amount of time but thankfully it didn't seeing as we quickly found out what place was the most appropriate. However, we still would've been more organised if we had planned better with venue ahead of filming.

Production
During production everything was generally going well with filming and using the props and characters in the correct setting. We were doing everything step by step using the storyboard and script of course because it was a structured way to use our time effectively seeing as we had everything already planned out. We were a bit struck for time near the end seeing as when both periods had ended we still had one more scene to shoot, but it wasn't a huge drawback seeing as we did that in a quick amount of time the next lesson. To film we needed a camera (obviously) but also a tripod which was very useful when it came to constructing tracking shots which by end appeared very professional.

Post Production
After production we had to get all the footage from the Camera's memory card and edit on Serif MoviePlus. To construct editing in it's finest form we decided like it's usually advised to shoot scenes many times because doing it once isn't safe in the matter that it doesn't look it's best. Scenes also need to be shot many times due to the fact that sometimes errors can be made and it's best to have several different shots just in case. From this task I have learnt how to better my camera techniques and editing also to create various different types of effects e.g. what shots to use and when depending on the the subject of the scene.

The Final Piece: 

Practical Task - Final Film

Practical Task - Evaluation

Questions 1, 6 and 7 (Slideshare: Evaluation Q1, 6 and 7

Questions 3 and 4: 

Questions 2 and 5:

Feedback for Trial Exam - Digital Convergence

Mr Lane's Tips:

• Read the full question
• Remember to do your own research in addition
• Make sure your examples are relevant

Example 1: 

"Cameras purchased today are 99% of the time going to be digital, which can be very beneficial to movie companies as it means that the end movie/clips can be digitally rendered as a smaller video file making it easier and cheaper to get the movie out to more cinemas as it helps reduce the cost for the way it will be stored (on a USB rather than an external hard drive."

Problems:

• 99% is not a valid statistic, just another way in saying "majority"
• No use of word "Distribution" when talking about getting movies to cinemas

Practical Task - Certification Process

Based on the specifications from the British Board of Film Classification we came to the conclusion that an appropriate age rating for our movie would be not an 18 but instead a 15. The 18 age rating's requirements are very similar to the requirements of a 15 but to a much higher content  (very strong violence, frequent strong language e.g. 'f***' and / or very strong language e.g. ‘c***’, strong portrayals of sexual activity, scenes of sexual violence, strong horror, strong blood and gore, real sex (in some circumstances), discriminatory language and behaviour). Seeing as our one only contains a few of these factors (e.g. Violence, foul language) and to a low extent we thought that an age rating of 15 would perhaps be the most suitable.

Social Class - The British Class System

Upper Class: Breeding, aristocracy, country estates
Personality: Toff, privileged, snobby, opinionated, know-it-alls, self-centred, judgemental, inbred, stupid
Sports: Usually things involved with horses

Middle Class: Factory owners, vulgar, make money
Personality: Snobby, education is important, very status obsessed, NIMBY (Not In My Back Yard), selfish, judgemental, accents are very important
Sports: Golf, Rugby

Working Class: Work in factories, follow on from parents
Personality: Friendly, community minded, get on with neighbours, family orientated, honest, hard working
Sports: Football, Darts

Lower Class: Unemployed, homeless
Personality: Chavs, Burberry wearing, alcoholics, aggressive, drugs, thieves

Seven Classes:

• Privileged Elite
• Established Middle Class
• New Affluent Workers
• Technical Middle Class
• Emergent Service Workers
• Traditional Working Class
• Precariat

Regional Identity - Liverpool (Scousers)

Stereotypes:

• Have the most deluded football fans.
• An unsafe place to visit (cars could be stolen, you could be assaulted etc.)
• A dirty area e.g. people from Liverpool or "Scousers" are often called things such as "bin dippers".
• Everybody's name is preceded by 'our'. "Our Jake, Our Carl" etc.
• Love for The Beatles
• All people within Liverpool either support the football clubs Everton or Liverpool. Both have a rivalry with each other (The Merseyside Derby) along with Liverpool FC also holding a rivalry with Manchester United.
• Most "scousers" are proud to be from Liverpool although on the outside is generally thought of as a very negative place.

Notable People:

• Steven Gerrard (Footballer)
• Rick Astley (Singer)

Practical Task - Identifying target audience through questionnaire

SurveyMonkey Survey

In attempt to find out the target audience for the genre of film we are making, we designed a survey through SurveyMonkey, which we proceeded to send out to different people. Here are some of our results, which give us an idea on the kind of audience we will be aiming our film to.

As apparent through these two questions in our survey, males tend to prefer action films, over the other options.

 It is also seen from these two questions that the two genre's that females tend to prefer are comedy and horror.

As seen from this question, a very large majority, of nearly 90% of our audience are of the age 16 to 30. This will help us decide how we film, insuring that we target it for this age.

In conclusion, from these, and other questions we asked through this questionnaire, we managed to discover that our target audience are predominantly male, and between the age 16 to 30 year olds. We have also found that as well as the "Thriller" genre, they enjoy mainly "Action", "Horror" and "Comedy" films. Due to the age of our audience, a large majority of them will be at school or college. For those who are not in college, with the amount of income they receive, the majority will be middle class. We also managed to find that factors such sexuality and nationality didn't matter and were in fact not relevant towards viewing habits to the type of movie we produced.

Practical Task - Call Sheet

Date:

Saturday 7th February 2015

Location:
Keinan Rayat's House, Michael Thomas' House and Alexandar Jokovic's House

Weather:
Overcast - 7 Degrees

Director(s):
Barney Kleinman, Keinan Rayat

Cameramen:
Barney Kleinman, Keinan Rayat

Editor(s):
Barney Kleinman (main editor), Keinan Rayat, Amar Jakupovic, Alex Jokovic

Cast:
Michael Thomas as Michael Blakewood, Alex Jokovic as Alex Wilson

Schedule:
09:00 - Filming at Michael Thomas' house for very first scene of main character Michael Blakewood (played by Michael Thomas) is contemplating suicide.

11:00 - Filming at Alex Jokovic's house for scene with corridor where main character Michael Blakewood (played by Michael Thomas) has heard gunshot and decides to investigate by going down the stairs.

13:00 - Filming at Keinan Rayat's house for final scene where main character Michael Blakewood (played by Michael Thomas) has discovered the dead body of character Alex Wilson (played by Alex Jokovic).

Practical Task - Risk Assessment

Practical Task - Profile of our typical viewer

We found that the majority of our viewers who answered to the survey and preferred Action/Thriller type movies (the genre(s) we would be portraying) were predominantly of the male gender. On the other hand, the majority of the females who answered tended to prefer Comedy and Horror movies the most, however those weren't the genres we would be basing our movie off so we believe that our typical viewer would be of the male gender. Either way, in general people tended to preferred action movies the most. 

From the people that answered, we also found that a large portion varied from ages 16 to 30 and because of this a variety of the answers in the "Occupation" section were "Student" since people from 16 to 24 would most likely still remain within education while ones beyond 24 could perhaps have a career by that time. Since most students will be financially supported by their families and people of age 24 and beyond are mature enough and old enough to financially support themselves, we thought that the majority of our typical viewers would be in the middle class in terms of finance so that they could afford to view our movie.

Since no factors within our movie separate people of different nationalities, ethnicities and sexualities from each other we identified that it wouldn't matter what our typical viewer's nationality, ethnicity or  sexuality since it wasn't relevant.

Overall these would be the demographic factors of our typical viewer:

Gender: Male

Most Preferred Genre: Action

Age: 16 - 30 Year Olds

Occupation: Student

Class: Middle Class

Nationality: Mixed

Ethnicity: Mixed

Sexuality: Mixed

Practical Task - Script

Michael Thomas - Michael Blakewood

Alexandar Jokovic - Alex Wilson

The scene opens in a room, there are pills scattered around the room, mostly around the main character 

Michael Blakewood who is sitting on a chair near a wall, there are also bottles of empty and semi full spirits around the character. It is identified that the character is contemplating suicide.

MICHAEL BLAKEWOOD

(Sitting on a chair, holding the gun. Michael then takes the gun to his head)

*Heavy Panting*

(Cut to outside of the building)

*Gunshot*

(Cut to back inside the building, it becomes apparent that it was not Michael who shot the gun. Michael stands up, holding the gun and proceeds to exit the room)

(Michael walks out of the room, he then proceeds to walk towards the source of the noise)

(Michael walks up to the second room, the door is already open, there is a body lying on the floor with a blood stained shirt in the middle of the room, this is Alex Wilson. Michael approaches the body and kneels down towards it, Michaels vision becomes distorted, he then passes out next to Alex)

Fade to black and then title sequence

Practical Task - Synopsis of "Innocent Till Proven Guilty"

Storyline: 

When 20 year old Michael Blakewood gets unknowingly involved in a murder, he is told he has two days to prove his innocence before he is framed by an assailant of which he has no idea has a grudge against him.

Synopsis:

The film opens with the main character Michael Blakewood (Michael Thomas) sitting down on a chair swallowing pills along a tipped wine bottle on a table by the side, contemplating suicide. While he prepares to kill himself with a loaded gun, a gunshot from elsewhere is heard. Alerted, he walks out of his apartment taking his gun with him into the corridor and spots a partially opened door and walks into the apartment. Michael walks through to see a man lying on the floor facing death as mutters a few words to Michael that aren’t made out clear. The man then dies, along with Michael passing out from the pills he had previously taken.

Michael then awakens in a holding cell with his vision blurry and realising he has clearly been arrested. To his own shock, he demands that the working officers release him immediately before they take him out of his cell to question him over the murder of a boy identified as "Alex Wilson". Claiming not to have had any part within the murder and not possessing any information over the murder, the police have no choice but to bring him back to the holding cell upon further questioning. This due to the fact that he has no recollection of recent events due to the drugs. The police then open his cell to tell him he's free to leave. Not realising how or why, he is informed that his bail has been paid. 

Upon having his clothes and items returned to him Michael discovers a note in one of his boots. He finds that an unknown assailant has paid for his bail but that if he is unable to prove himself innocent within 48 hours he will go down for murder, spending his sentence in an adult institution a year premature as the evidence to frame him is strong enough to enforce such as sentence. Knowing he'd be unable to survive that lifestyle, Michael comes to the realisation that he must act fast.

Michael's first instinct is to visit his home in order to try gain access to CCTV footage of any kind that would be relevant to his case. Upon his arrival to the security department he is informed that all CCTV footage in the past week had been stolen and destroyed. He then opens an unread text again from an unknown assailant taunting him about not being able to find any proof through video of his innocence while telling him that "time is ticking". He discovers a clue given to him telling him to look at the side of his aspirin bottle. Not seeing any written words he sees that he is overthinking it and that he is being advised to go to the pharmacy from where he purchased his prescription drugs.

While en route towards the pharmacy a man is assassinated in public causing controversy and a state wide traffic jam. Knowing that he has no time to waste, he abandons his car and sprints towards the pharmacy only to find that it's closed due to a large amount of stock being stolen within the company warehouse. At the same knowing that he needs a new pack of pills to maintain his normality he then opens the next text message as it seems like the most appropriate thing to do. It is telling him the location of the drugs but to bring £5000 cash and leave it in a brown paper bag under the yellow van waiting at the given site and that he must drive off immediately upon arrival. He finds that the sensible thing to do is return the goods to their rightful owner and sets off to take it back to the pharmacy but finds police waiting for him at the exit where he arrested and brought back to station where held at first.

The officers investigating his case find it very difficult to believe he had no involvement in the murder at hand if he committed an offence which would also get him sent down for a long time (possession of stolen goods). As Michael awaits within the station, two officers walk in and inform him that the results from the analysis of there body have returned. they then tell him that they have found fingerprints of a man who was believed to be dead over 5 years ago who went by the name Keinan.

All charges on Michael were dropped, Michael leaves the station and decides to carry on his own investigation. the film ends with a man watching Michael from across the road.

Practical Task - Locations for filming

Michael Thomas' House (First Location)

Alex Jokovic's House (Second Location)

Keinan Rayat's House (Third Location)

Practical Task - Props and Costumes

For our films opening, we have two characters, the costumes for these characters are listed below.

Dead person lying on floor / Alex Wilson (Alex Simon): 

• Bloodied casual clothes (Patterned shirt/White T-Shirt & jeans)

Person attempting suicide / Michael Blakewood (Michael Thomas):

• Tattered clothes (blue chinos, dark top)

Props:

• Alcohol bottles: These are for the character "Michael" who is about to commit suicide in the first scene, this is to show the audience that he is not thinking straight and is making an irrational decision. The bottles will only be in one scene, being the opening which means we will only need it on the 17th of January as it is part of the stage decoration. 

• A Fake Black Gun: This is going to be in every scene during the opening, it will be owned by the character Michael and will be carried by him into the next two locations. The gun is black and is owned by Alex, we will be using it from the 17th of January and the 20th of February.

• Tic Tacs and Pill bottle: These will also only be in the first scene however, they will be in use as the character "Michael" will be taking them to present him as a drug user to emphasise his rash decision. Barney and I will but the tic tack and i already have a pill bottle to use 

• Vimto: The Vimto will be used as fake blood during the last scene to show the character Alex Wilson dying. We will use it on the 20th of February.

• A White T-Shirt: Alex will be wearing a white shirt with the Vimto poured on it to look like blood, this will be to show that he is dying and that it was quite recent. 

• Glass: The glass will only be used in the first scene when Michael drinks from it to swallow the pills. We will use it on the 17th of January

Practical Task - Storyboard

The first part of the storyboard indicating the scene where the main character "Michael Blakewood" is on the brink of suicide as we can clearly see that he is attempting to end his life through the consumption of alcohol and non prescription pills. He then hears a gunshot from outside his house while camera cuts to a shot outside the building making the audience believe he had did it to himself. He then leaves his room due to the curiosity of where the gunshot had come from to find a door that has been partially opened. The second  storyboard shows that he has walked into the room with the partially opened the door to find the dead body of Bruk Wilson to which he at this point in time cannot identify. From this storyboard we initially intended to have sirens be heard indicating the Blakewood has been arrested but we decided to change it to a businessman discovering the dead body also but assuming that Blakewood had committed the crime.

Research for Transformers: Age of Extinction

Production Phase:

Series History: 4th in the series

Director: Michael Bay

Producers:

• Don Murphy
• Tom DeSanto
• Lorenzo di Bonaventura
• Ian Bryce

• 
  

Production Companies:

• Paramount Pictures (presents)
• Hasbro (in association with)
• Di Bonaventura Pictures (as di Bonaventura Pictures)
• Tom DeSanto/Don Murphy Production
• Ian Bryce Productions

Distributors:

• Cocinsa 
• Columbia Pictures
• Huaxia Film Distribution Company 
• Paramount Pictures Entertainment 
• Paramount Pictures 
• Solar Pictures
• United International Pictures (UIP)
• Universal Pictures International (UPI)
• KVH Media Group
• NOS Audiovisuais 
• Paramount Home Entertainment 

Production Budget: $150 Million


Distribution and Marketing Phase:

Distribution Companies:

• Cocinsa 
• Columbia Pictures
• Huaxia Film Distribution Company 
• Paramount Pictures Entertainment 
• Paramount Pictures 
• Solar Pictures
• United International Pictures (UIP)
• Universal Pictures International (UPI)
• KVH Media Group
• NOS Audiovisuais 
• Paramount Home Entertainment

P&A budget:

China spent $3 Million - $5 Million on Marketing and in return managed to generate $300 Million.

America spent $150 Million - $200 Million on Marketing and in return managed to generate $400 Million.

Key Marketing Strategies:

• Airing Premiere in Hong Kong
• Creating a video game
• TV advertising
• Released trailer on iTunes and other platforms such as TV and YouTube

Cross media strategies and examples of convergence:

Use of internet:

A good form of advertising from which companies can market their movies for a much lower price or no price at all in some cases e.g. YouTube, Facebook

Web 2.0 and audience 2.0 strategies: Twitter, Facebook etc. Where audiences can also interact with members that took part in the creation of the film wite.

Practical Task - Casting Shots

Alexandar Jokovic - Alex Wilson

Justification: 
Since the character of "Alex Wilson" would simply lie dead on the floor within the scene, we found that we simply needed an actor that matched the demographic factors within our film e.g. based on age, we needed someone who was young - predominantly between the age of 17 and 20. For this casting decision, we found that a great deal of experience within acting wasn't needed.








Michael Thomas - Michael Blakewood

Justification:
Based on the script we found that the character of "Michael Blakewood" was required to perform a variety of stage directions and therefore found that in this case we needed an actor who actually had experience within the field. Since we knew that Michael had previously performed in acting roles such as plays etc. we thought that he would make an effective role.

Feedback for Trial Exam - Age within a TV Drama

For my essay on the representation of age with the TV Drama extract "Monarch of Glen" I was given the following feedback.

- Weak on Terminology (Only used "cut" when referring to editing)

- Only referred to costume when referring to Mise-en-scene

- Must link representations to micro elements (have a tendency to describe narrative events)

- Give range of examples

- Good writing on camera

Representation of Sexuality - Fingersmith

Through the extract of the Drama "Fingersmith" one of the micro-elements we focused on was Mise-en-scene for which many factors represented sexuality. For example, when the main character gives the maid a dress she comes very close the maid almost as if it's an excuse to touch her. Similarly, when they're both lying on the bed the closeness of their relationship is shown as she tries to touch her during her sleep. Also a painting is shown to idiolize the love between the two homosexual characters and also red blood during the painting scene represents menstruation and her realising that she is attracted to the maid. Heterosexuality on the other hand is shown to be very violent when the planned groom aggressively puts his hand over his planned wife's mouth.

Counter/Stereotypes of Sexuality seen in a TV Drama

The TV Drama I watched to find examples of both counter-stereotypes and stereotypes within sexuality was the UK Drama "Skins".

Stereotypes of Homosexuality: One of the main characters "Maxxie"  who is gay participates a lot in the performing arts, mainly dance and tap dance while wishing to fulfil his dream of in fact being a dancer. A common stereotype seen within homosexual males is that one of their interests include the performing arts/the theatre etc.

Counter-stereotypes of Homosexuality: A common stereotype about female homosexuals is that they are tough or aggressive and commonly have very short hair cuts. Basically the way stereotypes work with homosexuals is that the stereotypes seen with heterosexuals are basically reversed so that males have stereotypical female characteristics and that females have stereotypical male characteristics. In season 2 and 3 the two lesbian characters that are "Naomi" and "Emily" are not at all seen as having stereotypical male characteristics such as short hair or aggressiveness. 

Stereotypes of Heterosexuality: One stereotype of heterosexuality that you could argue is that often the male within a relationship is the abuser although this isn't seen much within Skins.

Counter-stereotype of Heterosexuality: Another common stereotype within heterosexuality is that if someone were to cheat or have an affair it would most likely be the male to do so however in Season 3 and 4 we see that the character "Effy Stonem"'s mother cheats on Effy's father with his work colleague. 

Desperate Housewives - Reflections on Archetypes

Generally throughout the episodes of "Desperate Housewives" the main female characters are represented in a manner of their female archetypes. For example, "The Earth Mother" character that is "Lynette Scavo" is seen to be always caring for her children and friends through the use of offering spiritual and emotional nourishment to them although she does at times find her childbearing capabilities difficult. 

The "Temptress" character "Gabrielle Solis" is similarly portrayed through her archetypes of being characterized by sensuous beauty as we see at the start of the show that she takes modelling jobs and is known that at a young age she moved to New York to pursue a career in modelling. Also,

Representation of Gender

Females

Males

Question about 20th Century Fox

Why is Paramount Pictures considered a major film studio?

Paramount Pictures is generally considered a major film studio due to the fact that majors will most likely always have a much higher budget for marketing, distribution and production in comparison to independent film studies such as Film 4. With more money, majors have the opportunity to create their films to a much higher quality and make it aware to a wider variety of people. All majors are located in America and there are only six.

What genres, styles, and types of films does Paramount Pictures typically produce?

Big budget blockbuster comedies or action movies typically however they do also make other ones such as romance (Titanic in this case).

How successful are 20th Century Fox as a major film studio?

Very successful as major film studio since they make a portion of the big blockbuster films these days that are constantly seen advertised everywhere and have been in production for many years. According to BoxOfficeMojo they own 15.2% of the market share between these studios where they are ranked 2nd behind Warner Bros. and have grossed hundreds of millions of dollars.

Give some examples of Media Convergence shown by 20th Century Fox (This means examples of them producing content, co-operating with, and using other media industries than Film)

Creating apps based on movies for people to play/interact with, create attractive and interactive websites for people to discover more about the product and alternatively be more intrigued

How do 20th Century Fox distribute their films?

Through today's evolving digital distribution platforms and through digital distribution sites.

What, for you, are the major differences between 20th Century Fox and Film4 Productions? 

20th Century Fox has  a much a higher budget for marketing, production and distribution than Film4 because it's an major studio while Film4 is an independent one. 20th Century Fox is also located in America while Film4 Productions is located in England and America also contains the largest film industry between countries while China lies 2nd and England aren't even in the top ten. Similarly, 20th Century Fox is a part of the "Big Six" major studies within America while Film4 is independent.

Research for 20th Century Fox

Films of 2014:

• Dawn of the Planet of the Apes
• X-Men: Days of Future Past
• The Maze Runner

Film coming out later this year:

• Hitman: Agent 47

A production company owned or that had a deal with 20th Century Fox and a film they have produced:

• The Wolverine (Marvel Entertainment)

Top grossing 20th Century Fox film of all time:

• Avatar

Film distributed by 20th Century Fox:

• Home Alone

Non film producing/distributing company owned by 20th Century Fox:

• DreamWorks

Other companies owned by VIACOM:

• BET
• CMT
• Comedy Central
• Logo
• MTV
• MTV2
• Nickelodeon
• Nicktoons
• Palladia
• Spike
• TeenNick

Practical Task - Identifying Target Audience

Demographically: Age, Gender, Sexuality, Where you live, Income, Social Class, Race

Pyschographically: Why a movie appeals to you (examples listed beneath)

- Escapism
- Relatable e.g. if a movie is about a gang or group of friends you can often relate it to yourself through you and your friends

By using SurveyMonkey we were able to conduct our own survey to discover what kind of audience would be viewing our piece. From this research we were able to discover that the audience would predominently be males aged from 16 to 25 without race, sexuality, income, social class and address making a difference as in those areas the answers differed and weren't relevant to the movie at hand.

Representation of Age in ER

In this extract of ER age represented in a number of stereotypical and counter stereotypical ways. This is achieved through the use of the sound and editing. For example a cross cut is shown between the two boys at the beginning, one of which is on the brink of death and seems wise as he knows that his disease is going to kill him anyway.  The dialogue underlines this when he says: "invariably, this disease is fatal". His intelligence is also seen from the formal language he uses and the scientific terms he knows how to use. This counter stereotypes against age as it shows that for such a young person he seems to be wise and intelligent knowing the seriousness of his disease and not wanting to tell him mother as opposed to a child who would stereotypically be crying or screaming and asking for their parents. The other child (which we see through an abrupt cut to the waiting area) is the exact opposite as the sequence reveals that his mother is clearly with him to help him through a minor injury from which he was bitten by a Gerbil and can simply be treated through antibiotics while he sits their squeamishly screaming. His tone of voice is much more stereotypical - whiney and high pitched. As you can see, youth is represented in completely different, stereotypical and counter stereotypical ways because both children's characteristics are completely different one of which you would not normally see in a child.

Ten examples of ten stereotypes about disabled people - Paul Hunt

Pitiable and pathetic - Walter White Jr. (Breaking Bad)

An object of curiosity or violence - The Elephant Man

Sinister or evil - Dr. No (James Bond)

Super cripple - Professor X

Atmosphere - Frankenstein
Laughable - Tyrion Lannister (Game Of Thrones)
Their own worst enemy - Lieutenant Dan (Forrest Gump)
A burden - Phillipe (The Intouchables)
Non sexual - Lieutenant Dan (Forrest Gump) 
Unable to participate in daily life - Brooks (The Shawshank Redemption)

Practise on Disability - Coming Down The Mountain

Stereotypes: 

• Down Syndrome person has no boundaries
• Wide angle shot used to show that brother with Disability is smaller and hunched
• Ill fitting clothes for boy with Down Syndrome (not aware of his appearance)
• Says childish things, "I eat a bag of Crisps and watch Star Wars"
• Framing shows that older brother is protective of younger brother
• Older brother in some cases tries to act more parent-like
• Down Syndrome boy can be seen as helpless and defensive

Counter Stereotypes:

• Disabled person is sexualised
• In some cases the boy with Down Syndrome possesses more maturity than his older brother who is not disabled
• Older brother is open about conversation over sex

• Shot reverse show shows older brother is in shock from inappropriate question
• Wide angles show shows older brother is bigger and more protective while the younger brother with Down Syndrome is smaller and his gait is hunched
• Disabled brother is portrayed in a brighter light 
• Combination of close up and older brother opening his eyes shows that the power shift has been changed and the older brother has been found out for lying